Thinking about this stuff makes my head spin if I think about it too long. It is too much for me to grasp.
Time travel proven at the quantum scale: physicists
If you're interested in this, I strongly suggest reading The Science of Interstellar. It was written by the main science consultant for the movie.
To make a long book short, the "time travel" portrayed in Interstellar is theoretically possible, based on having the biggest spinning black hole that could exist, and a planet orbiting the "lip" of the black hole's spiral. Imagine putting one of those pennies into a big spiral thing you see at the mall, except instead of eventually dropping down the (black) hole, if stays suspended in "orbit".
Add in the tidal forces of a more oval/shaped hole and you get the technically realistic super gigatic waves on Miller's water planet.
To make a long book short, the "time travel" portrayed in Interstellar is theoretically possible, based on having the biggest spinning black hole that could exist, and a planet orbiting the "lip" of the black hole's spiral. Imagine putting one of those pennies into a big spiral thing you see at the mall, except instead of eventually dropping down the (black) hole, if stays suspended in "orbit".
Add in the tidal forces of a more oval/shaped hole and you get the technically realistic super gigatic waves on Miller's water planet.
I find this stuff absolutely fascinating, and am surprised how many people know the whole e=mc^2 thing, but don't really understand the finer points behind it. I've watched probably a hundred hours of videos on this stuff.
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC7_gcs0...bpVgjHZ_7g is an excellent channel with a series of ~10 min PBS shorts all about this stuff.
As for the time dilation, the main thing you need need to get your head around is that the c is the only universal constant. Not distances, not how fast time ticks. In normal Newtonian physics, if I'm driving at 100 kph, and throw a ball at 30 kph, it will hit you on the ground at 130 kph (the two speeds added, but meanwhile I saw the ball leave at 30 kph). However, if I'm driving at you and shine a light at you, I see the light leave at the speed of light. So according to Newton, you should see the light coming at you at speed of light, + 100 kph. This isn't what happens though. You will see the light coming at you at *also* the speed of light. How can that be? The way this is reconciled is that you have clocks running at different rates. Literally the clock of the person in the car is going slow. 1s of his time is equal to 1.0000000005s or whatever of yours. However, this is imperceptible because heart rate, thought processes, everything also slows as well. Now, this isn't really noticable unless you get super precise, or go very near the speed of light.
Which leads to the other interesting thing is that this has all been verified experimentally. When you put on atomic clock on a plane and fly it around since it operates to a accuracy of about 1/10billionth s, is you can literally see the difference. Similarly, the clocks on board GPS satellites need to be corrected to account for both that they are moving fast, and that they are in a different gravitational field (clocks also run at different speeds on the top of mountains due to weaker gravity...)
So that said, "time travel" is very possible in a real sense, but only forward. There are some ideas about worm holes spontaneously coming and going at the tiniest levels linking different times which might leave the door open for backwards, but that is all very theoretical at this point....
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC7_gcs0...bpVgjHZ_7g is an excellent channel with a series of ~10 min PBS shorts all about this stuff.
As for the time dilation, the main thing you need need to get your head around is that the c is the only universal constant. Not distances, not how fast time ticks. In normal Newtonian physics, if I'm driving at 100 kph, and throw a ball at 30 kph, it will hit you on the ground at 130 kph (the two speeds added, but meanwhile I saw the ball leave at 30 kph). However, if I'm driving at you and shine a light at you, I see the light leave at the speed of light. So according to Newton, you should see the light coming at you at speed of light, + 100 kph. This isn't what happens though. You will see the light coming at you at *also* the speed of light. How can that be? The way this is reconciled is that you have clocks running at different rates. Literally the clock of the person in the car is going slow. 1s of his time is equal to 1.0000000005s or whatever of yours. However, this is imperceptible because heart rate, thought processes, everything also slows as well. Now, this isn't really noticable unless you get super precise, or go very near the speed of light.
Which leads to the other interesting thing is that this has all been verified experimentally. When you put on atomic clock on a plane and fly it around since it operates to a accuracy of about 1/10billionth s, is you can literally see the difference. Similarly, the clocks on board GPS satellites need to be corrected to account for both that they are moving fast, and that they are in a different gravitational field (clocks also run at different speeds on the top of mountains due to weaker gravity...)
So that said, "time travel" is very possible in a real sense, but only forward. There are some ideas about worm holes spontaneously coming and going at the tiniest levels linking different times which might leave the door open for backwards, but that is all very theoretical at this point....
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